1. Why was modernization needed?
Modernization was needed because Russia wanted to be a great power/play a major role on the world stage in the twentieth century and Russia was poor.
2.Why was modernization dangerous to the Tsar?
Modernization would be dangerous to the Tsar because it would be difficult to maintain the institutions of tsarist autocracy in a modernized Russia.
3.How did Witte try to build up industry?
Witte's plan was to make a huge investment in industry to create a spiral of upward industrial growth: the more industry grew, the more demand there would be for other industrial products, which would lead to further growth, and so on. And Witte had his eye on the railways to help start his plan.
4.How successful was Witte's economic policy?
Witte's economic policy was not successful at all because Witte had to increase the prices of everyday items and state tax, and he also cut the wages of workers so that he could get all of the extra money to pay off his loans for industrialization. So after a while it all caught up and peasants couldn't pay for manufactured goods anymore and thousands of industrial workers lost their jobs.
You need to put some more detail in your answers, especially # 1 and 2.
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